mount 设备目录 挂载点 挂载文件系统
Linux系统下，所有设备必须挂载后才能使用；
挂载相当于给一个孤立存在的设备设置一个接入口linux常用命令，所有用户都需要通过该接口访问该设备
这个接口称之为挂载点
[root@aspen ~]# ls /dev/cdrom/
ls: cannot access /dev/cdrom/: Not a directory
[root@aspen ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@aspen ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 18G 1.9G 16G 11% /
devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 487M 7.6M 479M 2% /run
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 127M 888M 13% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
[root@aspen ~]# ls /mnt/
CentOS_BuildTag EULA images LiveOS repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI GPL isolinux Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 TRANS.TBL
umount 卸载已挂载的文件系统
[root@aspen ~]# umount /mnt/
[root@aspen ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 18G 1.9G 16G 11% /
devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 487M 7.6M 479M 2% /run
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 127M 888M 13% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
fdisk 磁盘名 MBR分区表磁盘分区命令(仅支持2TB以下的磁盘分区)
操作选项
p 显示磁盘分区信息
n 创建磁盘分区
d 删除磁盘分区
w 保存分区并退出命令
m 查看所有操作选项
parted 磁盘名 GPT分区表磁盘分区命令(常用于2TB以上的磁盘分区)
[root@aspen ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c45ea
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 2508799 1048576 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 2508800 209715199 103603200 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@aspen ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x28e66d85.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x28e66d85
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