那就开始吧
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Linux – LINUs’ uniX (开个玩笑不是这样的，别当真）
GNU – Gnu is Not Unix
/boot：顾名思义
/root ：同上
/run：同上
/home：同上
/etc：ETCetera
/bin：BINaries
/dev：DEVices
/lib：LIBraries
/mnt：MouNT
/proc：PROCesses
/tmp：TeMPorary
/var：VARiable
/srv：SeRVices
/opt：OPTional
/sbin：Super BINaries
or Superuser BINaries
/sys：SYStem
/usr：Unix System Resources
or Unix Software Resources
or Unix Shared Resources（这个很重要linux常用命令，很多人会认为这个是user）
2.1、文件及文件夹管理：
ls – LiSt
cd – Change Directory
pwd – Print Working Directory
cp – CoPy
mv – MoVe
rm – ReMove
pushd – PUSH to Directory
popd – POP from Directory
mkdir – MaKe DIRectory
rmdir – ReMove DIRectory
cat – CATenate
or conCATenate
sed – Stream EDitor
diff – DIFFerence
wc – Word Count
chmod – CHange MODe
chown – CHange OWNer
chgrp – CHange GRouP
awk – Aho Weinberger and Kernighan
gawk – Gnu AWK
mawk – Minimal AWK
grep – General Regular Expression Print
ln – LiNk
tar – TARball
2.2、硬件管理：
df – Disk Free
du – Disk Usage
dd – Data Description（有说是Convert and Copy， 但是cc被用掉了，就用dd了）
parted – PARTition EDitor
fdisk – Format DISK
lspci – LiSt Peripheral Component Interconnect
lscpu – LiSt Central Process Unit
lsusb – LiSt Universal Serial Bus
lsblk – LiSt BLocK
mdadm – Multiple Disk And Device Manager
2.2.1、lvm
lvm – Logical Volume Manager
pvcreate – Physical Volume CREATE
vgcreate – Volume Group CREATE
lvcreate – Logical Volume CREATE
pvdisplay – Physical Volume DISPLAY
vgdisplay – Volume Group DISPLAY
lvdisplay – Logical Volume DISPLAY
pvresize – Physical Volume RESIZE
